Live Case TrackerCourt No. 1 · Supreme Court of IndiaWrit Petition(s)(Civil) No(s). 177/2026

Constitutionality of the Digital Personal Data Protection Act, 2023

A public tracker for the Supreme Court challenge to the DPDP Act and DPDP Rules, built to keep the privacy community updated as the matter evolves.

Status

Pending before the Supreme Court

Last hearing

16 February 2026

Next hearing

To be updated

Present update

Notice issued; no interim stay

On 16 February 2026, the Bench heard the matter, issued notice to parties, and declined interim stay on the DPDP Act.

Bench

CJ

Chief Justice Surya Kant

Presiding Judge

Bench lead

JJ

Justice Joymalya Bagchi

Judge

Bench member

JV

Justice V.M. Pancholi

Judge

Bench member

Who Filed the Case

Petitioners

Venkatesh Nayak

Petitioner

National Campaign for People’s Right to Information

Petitioner

The Reporters’ Collective

Petitioner

Nitin Sethi

Petitioner

Geeta Seshu

Petitioner

Anjali Bhardwaj

Petitioner

Respondent

Union of India

Respondent

Petitioner counsel

Indira Jaising, Mishi Choudhary, Paras Nath Singh, Prasanth Sugathan, Jayant Malik, Kabir Darshan Singh, Syed Mohammad Haroon, Sadeeq Ur Rahman, Abhishek Manu Singhvi, Muhammad Ali Khan, Omar Gupta, Eesha Bakshi, Uday Bhatia, Naman Basoya, Abishek Jebaraj, A. Reyna Shruti & others

Respondent counsel

Tushar Mehta, Gurmeet Singh Makker, Madhav Sinhal, Rajat Nair, Shilpa Ohri, Mayank Pandey, Chander Uday Singh, Cheryl D’souza, Bidya Mohanty, Katyayani Suhrud, Abhishek K., Anushka Singh & others

Present Update

Snapshot

Notice issued; no interim stay

On 16 February 2026, the Bench heard the matter, issued notice to parties, and declined interim stay on the DPDP Act.

Last hearing

16 February 2026

Next hearing

To be updated

Case number

Writ Petition(s)(Civil) No(s). 177/2026

Brief of the Case

The petitions challenge key provisions of the DPDP Act, 2023 and the DPDP Rules, 2025 on grounds including executive control over the Data Protection Board, broad state access powers, vague breach thresholds, and the narrowing of access to information through the RTI amendment.

Salient Issues in the Case

Independence of the Data Protection Board

The challenge questions executive dominance over the selection and functioning of the DPBI and whether that undermines separation of powers.

State Surveillance and Gag Orders

The petitions challenge broad state access powers under Section 36 and Rule 23(2), arguing that they enable opaque disclosure of personal data without clear statutory limits.

Undefined Significant Breaches

Section 33(1) is challenged for penalizing significant breaches without clearly defining what makes a breach significant.

Live Updates Thread

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16 February 2026Hearing update
View note

Notice issued; interim stay declined

The Bench of Chief Justice Surya Kant, Justice Joymalya Bagchi, and Justice V.M. Pancholi heard the matter, issued notice to parties, and declined to stay the DPDP Act at this stage.

2 February 2026Filing
View filing

Article 32 challenge filed

A writ petition challenged Sections 17(1)(c), 17(2), 33(1), 36 and 44(3) of the DPDP Act, 2023 and Rules 17 and 23(2) of the DPDP Rules, 2025, alleging violations of Articles 14, 19(1)(a) and 21.

Hearing History

A compact procedural history of the matter.

S. No.

Date

Update

View

01

16 February 2026

Notice issued to parties; interim stay refused

View

02

To be updated

Next listed hearing

View

Original Case Files

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Case Number

Parties

View

W.P.(C) 177/2026

Venkatesh Nayak & Ors. vs Union of India

View petition

W.P.(C) 177/2026

Notice / hearing update record

View order

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